
Replacement Migration and the Slow Death of Illinois (1/2) › American Greatness
White Papers Policy Institute
May 10, 2026
The state of Illinois was once one of the wealthiest regions in the entire world. Its largest city, Chicago, was the second-largest American city for nearly 100 years, from 1890 to 1982. The hinterlands of Illinois are some of the best agricultural land on the planet, and the state is blessed with borders defined by natural, navigable rivers and lakes that made it a nexus of freight transport from the 19th century to the modern era. By every measure, Illinois should be a region of the United States that has only an upward trajectory. It should be filled with economically successful American families and a vibrant, abundant culture. That is not the Illinois of today.
Like most states that compose the great union of the American nation, Illinois has entered a period of steep demographic decline that is seeing its foundational American population—the population that founded, developed, and built Illinois from wilderness to powerhouse—vanish under a tide of demographic change, emigration, and economic decline. This is an incredible shame considering that Illinois gave the nation and the world inventions such as the first blood bank (1937), spray paint (1947), the automatic dishwasher (1893), the grain silo (1873), the first handheld cellular phone (1983), and much more.
Now, the population responsible for these innovations (the unique American people) is vanishing from the state.
From the state’s settlement in the early 1780s to the 1950s (a span of more than 170 years), the territory and then 21st state of Illinois had a population that was more than 95 percent white/European and American. The only significant minority to live in Illinois from its settlement onward was the small portion of blacks who have shared the United States with white Americans since the earliest days of colonization under the British. Illinois was NOT a “diverse” place as we understand it today, and it was not a reflection of the world. It was a European, Christian, thoroughly American outpost of Western civilization. That all began to change with the passage of the 1965 Hart-Celler Immigration Act and the subsequent decades of both deliberate legal and illegal mass immigration that have come to shape the modern United States.
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https://amgreatness.com/2026/05/10/replacement-migration-and-the-slow-death-of-illinois-1-2/