https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/24/15480International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Abstract: Experimental findings for SARS-CoV-2 related to the glycan biochemistry of coronaviruses
indicate that attachments from spike protein to glycoconjugates on the surfaces of red blood cells
(RBCs), other blood cells and endothelial cells are key to the infectivity and morbidity of COVID-19.
To provide further insight into these glycan attachments and their potential clinical relevance, the
classic hemagglutination (HA) assay was applied using spike protein from the Wuhan, Alpha,
Delta and Omicron B.1.1.529 lineages of SARS-CoV-2 mixed with human RBCs. The electrostatic
potential of the central region of spike protein from these four lineages was studied through molecular
modeling simulations. Inhibition of spike protein-induced HA was tested using the macrocyclic
lactone ivermectin (IVM), which is indicated to bind strongly to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein glycan
sites. The results of these experiments were, first, that spike protein from these four lineages of
SARS-CoV-2 induced HA. Omicron induced HA at a significantly lower threshold concentration
of spike protein than the three prior lineages and was much more electropositive on its central
spike protein region. IVM blocked HA when added to RBCs prior to spike protein and reversed
HA when added afterward. These results validate and extend prior findings on the role of glycan
bindings of viral spike protein in COVID-19. They furthermore suggest therapeutic options using
competitive glycan-binding agents such as IVM and may help elucidate rare serious adverse effects
(AEs) associated with COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, which use spike protein as the generated antigen.
In short, the spike protein causes clumping of red blood cells.Ivermectin prevents this, and reverses it where it has occurred. That clumping has led to complications from the 'vaccines' in the past, but administering IVM prior to the shots (which don't prevent anything, so why get them, anyway?) might prevent some of the adverse effects of the shots.
In a clinical situation, when someone has a COVID variant, IVM can prevent and reverse the clumping, which could have saved countless lives had it been administered to patients who were dying because it would have helped restore capillary level circulation--the level at which blood gas exchanges take place in the lungs and tissues.
