I am a believer that humans have been far more sophisticated for far longer than current archaeology will admit. There may be lost technologies at play, ancient knowledge by people who didn't have hydrocarbons and electronics to get things done.
The worst part is the current state of archaeology won't consider anything but progressivist worldviews that everything we have is as advanced as it ever was. Anything that doesn't fit that is dustbinned and ignored. Frankly it has has retarded advancement in the discipline, and I'm not sure it's sophisticated enough anyway to recognize what's right in front of it's face.
FWIW, I have long held the position that the Darwinistic approach to archaeology (the latest form is the most advanced, ever) is a trap. What would be left of a cell phone after 10,000 years? or the tower? Would any of it be recognized or recognizable after that time? I mused over this since before I saw Planet of the Apes, wondering what technology would survive the setback of global nuclear war, and how long it would take for any survivors to catch back up to the present day. As manual tools and the skills to run them fade into the technological magic of CDC machining, would the survivors be able to reclaim the internal combustion engine, oil refining, electrical power in a decade, a generation, or would we have to reinvent the wheel?
Move that back a level or two, and there is bias built in. It's bronze, therefore Bronze Age. It's Iron, therefore Iron Age, even though the isolated appearance of those technologies may have far antedated general use. Some groups move faster than others, and only conquest or trade disseminate that tech, if then. And there are still skill levels and technologies that defy modern abilities to duplicate them. IIRC, true Damascus Steel, similar to Wootz and crucible steels has not been recreated, despite the labeling of folded and otherwise multipart billets as "Damascus". Has anyone figured out the Astrolabe yet?
