Sea-Level Rise in Florida—the Facts and Science 
UF Florida Sea Grant College Program By: Thomas Ruppert, Esq., Coastal Planning Specialist, Florida Sea Grant1
After the last ice age ended approximately 20,000 
years ago, sea level rose rapidly,2 but for the last few 
thousand years has been rising very slowly3 and has 
been almost stable for the last 4-5 thousand years.4 
Importantly, this recent era of stability encompasses 
the history of human civilization, meaning significant 
global sea-level rise is truly unprecedented in human 
history. 
How Has Sea-Level Changed During the Last 
Century? 
While sea level was first recorded on tide gauges in 
some sites in Europe as early as the 17th century,5 
the most reliable tide gauge data used for measuring 
recent SLR in Florida only goes back a little more 
than 100 years.6 In Florida, sea level has increased by 
about 8 inches over this time, or about an average of 
2 mm/yr.  More recent data, based on satellite 
altimetry, indicates that the average rate of rise in 
this region since the early 1990s is about 3.0 mm/yr. 
What causes sea levels to rise and fall?  
The two main factors affecting global sea levels are 
the temperature of the oceans and the amount of 
water in the ocean. At the local level, sea level may 
change due to the rising or falling of coastal land. 
This short summary does not address myriad other 
factors with smaller impacts on global or local sea 
levels.7 
More: 
https://www.flseagrant.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/SLR-Fact-Sheet_dual-column-letterhead_8.2.13_pdf.pdf