Elon Musk and the Government benefitted by providing subsidies to build new Solar, Electric Vehicle, and Space industries in the US.
Those at the tippy top receive much of their income or compensation in the form of capital gains, not weekly, bi-weekly, or monthly earned income paychecks.
With capital gains, you only pay taxes on realized gains (assets sold/converted to cash or another asset class of value). He only pays when he sells stock at a gain.
If he sells stock at a loss, he gets to carry that over to subsequent tax years to offset future realized gains.
What he pays during any given year is based upon his net (gains minus applied losses) capital gains during the year.
That's why people who work for a paycheck are chumps, muppets if you will. Paychecks get ding'ed for Medicare Tax, Social Security Tax, and Federal Income Tax.
Capital gains get ding'd at rate lower than Federal Income Tax, but also don't get ding'd with Medicare Tax and Social Security Tax.
If the tax laws and regulations are "unfair", then can be adjusted or changed via the Congressional legislative process.
The issue for Dems is that they only want to INCREASE taxes. Dems don't want to decrease any taxes for any one.
If Warren feels bad for teachers, Congress can always decrease the Federal Income Tax for teachers or the income bracket in which most teachers fall. But no. Dems would rather raise taxes on the 1% of the 1% than lower them for hard working unwashed masses.