I measure it by the "disorder" on that very street.....the gangs and groups that behave exactly as they do in this country...destroying their infustructure and resources so they cannot lift out of dispair.....they oppose themselves.
I'm not seeing that in a picture with paved roads, electricity, motor vehicles, even Western Union.
I will grant that elsewhere in West Africa there is mayhem, but that image does not show that. That shows prosperity.
Where tribalism and militant factions dominate, there will be chaos, internecine warfare, and poverty, because what is not destroyed will be taken by the one most able to take it and doled out as a reward for loyalty. Such is the problem in the American Inner Cities, with street gangs, with thieves, with drug dealers, and other local 'warlords' and wannabes who think only of themselves and their status within their 'tribe'. Robbed of a clear focus outside racial boundaries, the divisions within rear their ugly head, and turf wars erupt. It is no different here in America, with the exception that those abroad have more capable weapons.
It is up to the community to choose NOT to live that way, and that choice begins with individuals, families, neighborhoods...and grows--or not.