Drug trafficking as irregular warfare — and what can be done about it
By Zita Ballinger Fletcher
Thursday, Mar 27, 2025
On March 15, President Donald Trump invoked the Alien Enemies Act against drug traffickers — a move that has been met with astonishment, particularly since the act originated in 1798 and has rarely been used since — beyond when the United States has been at war.
Although discussions surrounding the act are focusing on its effect on immigration, what is often getting lost in debates is the White House’s argument that drug trafficking constitutes a form of irregular warfare. Similarly, the administration has stirred up controversy by classifying drug traffickers as terrorists.
Can it be the case that drug traffickers are terrorists carrying out a form of irregular warfare — and if so, how could the U.S. military address this at a strategic level?
Can drugs be weapons of war?
The word “terrorism” has taken on new meaning in recent years. Although arguments can be made as to what signifies a terrorist activity, the concept of terrorism is most often associated with those who choose to do harm against civilians through acts of extreme violence or by mass casualty.
https://www.defensenews.com/opinion/2025/03/28/drug-trafficking-as-irregular-warfare-and-what-can-be-done-about-it/