Space, Climate, and Comprehensive Defense Options Below the Threshold of War
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By Joe McGiffin
September 13, 2021
Andreas Brücker
Joe McGiffin has served in the United States Army for seven years. He is currently pursuing a M.A. in International Relations prior to teaching Defense and Strategic Studies at the United States Military Academy at West Point. He can be found on Twitter @JoeMcGiffin. Divergent Options’ content does not contain information of an official nature nor does the content represent the official position of any government, any organization, or any group.
National Security Situation: As the space domain, climate change, and views of military purpose evolve, multiple options below the threshold of war are required.
Date Originally Written: August 10, 2021.
Date Originally Published: September 13, 2021.
Author and / or Article Point of View: The author is an active-duty service member. This article is written from the point of view of the U.S. towards the anticipated operating environment of the next thirty years.
Background: Conflict below the threshold of war is characterized by subversive tactics and the amoral use of force[1]. Democratic states cannot justify the use of these means in the defense of their national security interests[2]. The United States requires alternative strategies to bolster the free world order and deter or defeat adversaries through legitimate, transparent methods.
https://www.realcleardefense.com/articles/2021/09/13/space_climate_and_comprehensive_defense_options_below_the_threshold_of_war_794169.html
