The time to return land to Native Americans is long overdue
By Michael Albertus, opinion contributor — 03/09/21 04:01 PM EST President Joe Biden’s pick for Interior secretary, Rep. Deb Haaland (D-N.M.) will be responsible for upholding the country’s treaties with Native Americans. Haaland should use her unique position to rectify one of the most damaging early Indian policies of the United States, which sought to break down tribes and assimilate natives: the systematic dispossession of native land.
Along with the enslavement of Black Americans, this forced land dispossession is one of the country’s most significant transgressions. Many of the biggest challenges facing native communities today, from rampant poverty to lower social and economic mobility to health issues cast in high relief by the pandemic, can be traced to the attempted extermination and then assimilation of Native Americans through American land policy.
Land dispossession is at the root of contemporary property rights and landholding across the Americas. European colonizers and migrants displaced indigenous populations across the hemisphere and created exclusionary private property rights systems for themselves that ignored prior land occupants.
My research shows that many governments across the hemisphere exacerbated the problems that resulted from this initial displacement in the mid 19th to mid 20th centuries. They resettled native groups on reserves or returned selected private lands in an authoritarian fashion and structured property rights in restrictive and paternalistic ways such as withholding land titles, forcing diverse indigenous groups together into homogeneous communes and dictating how they could use their land. These policies divided communities and kept them weak and subservient to governments, facilitating enduring exploitation and manipulation.
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https://thehill.com/opinion/campaign/542310-the-time-to-return-land-to-native-americans-is-long-overdue