What is Smallpox?
By Dr Tomislav Meštrović, MD, PhD
Smallpox is an acute contagious viral disease that has a relatively high fatality rate in immunologically naive populations. It is caused by variola virus, which is a member of a larger pox family of viruses. Smallpox can manifest itself in two clinical forms (variola major and variola minor) and it can be transmitted from person to person. There is no specific treatment for this disease other than the management of symptoms.
It is believed that smallpox originated 10 thousand years B.C. in Africa and subsequently spread to India and Egypt. Due to its high mortality rate, outbreaks of this disease had a significant impact on the course of history. During the twentieth century alone, smallpox is estimated to have caused over 500 million human deaths around the world.
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