Let me give you an example. This afternoon, I took a 25-mile drive to a nearby small city. (Usually I go across the state border to Pennsylvania but the particular item I was buying wasn't in stock there.) I'm coming through one of the towns in-between Olean and home. On a STATE HIGHWAY, these guys decided to tar and chip the road. And not only a state highway, the main thoroughfare through town.
Instead of paving it with traditional asphalt, they chose a system that created dust and gravel stir-up any time you tried to drive anywhere near close to the speed limit. Down the road you drive, you'll keep hearing tink, tink, tink as the little bits wreak havoc on your undercarriage. Now, that's not too uncommon on town back roads around here, but the only reason I can think of that they did this on a state highway was because it was cheaper and they couldn't afford to do the job right.