INTELLIGENCE & RISK: VICKSBURG, GUADALCANAL, IRAQ
By Jean Dagher June 6, 2018
to use intelligence properly, commanders must exercise the operational art to integrate ends, ways, and means, while considering risk. There is no substitute for reflective judgment.
It would seem obvious that misinterpreting intelligence and underestimating threats can lead to catastrophic operational consequences. And yet such errors by commanders occur all too often. Commanders ostensibly use intelligence to provide clarity on the battlefield, minimize uncertainty in the unknowns, increase the probabilities of success, and reduce the fog of war. For these reasons, intelligence is the basis of all plans and operations.
https://warroom.armywarcollege.edu/articles/intel-risk-3cases/
